May 19, 2012

Greene & Greene Chair – Bent Lamination

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I started work on the Bent Laminations for the back slats. I still haven’t completely solved all my bandsaw issues, but I did improve my cuts somewhat, with a new blade. I picked up at ¾” Wood Slicer form Highland Woodworking. When I went to order the new blade, I noticed they now offer ¾” Wood Slicer blades. In the past I think they only went up to ½”, so I think this is a new addition for them. For resawing, I like to use as wide a blade as I can, and ¾” is the max for by bandsaw.

My process for resawing, is pretty standard. I mill the lumber, so it’s flat a square. I then slice off the thickness of lamination I want. In this case, I want an ⅛” finished lamination. I had to add about a 1/32” to my laminations, to give me enough leeway to clean up the saw marks. Then I take the reaming stock, and run it over the Jointer to clean up the cut face. Then I repeat until I run out of wood.

Now the laminations have one smooth face (from the Jointer), and one rough face (from the Bandsaw). I don’t have a drum sander, so it’s hand tools for me to clean up the rough face. It actually went pretty fast with a hand plane. Even with ⅛” laminations, I was able to plane up against a stop, without the lamination buckling. I used my #7 plane. The #7 allows you to have fair mount of the plane on the lamination, before the blade started cutting. This really helped to keep the lamination from buckling. I was also able to fine-tune the laminations. If one side or end was ticker then the rest, I could to a few extra passes with plane in those areas. A pair digital calipers really came in handing for this process.

After all of the liminations were cleaned up, it was time to glue it up. For this project I’ve been using Titebond III glue, because it has a darker tint to it. Titebond III also has a longer open time, which is helpful for this lamination glue up.

I let the laminations sit overnight, in the clamps. I then scraped off the excess glue, and run one edge over the Jointer. I then cut the slats to width on the bandsaw, then clean up that cut edge back on the Jointer.

I had very little spring-back, when I unclampled the slats. Also, the glue lines are almost invisible. You really need to know where to look to find the glue lines.

I haven’t started to cut the tenons on the back slats yet, but this how I’m going to mark the joints. Recently Bob Lang, at Popular Woodworking Magazine, built a traditional Morris Chair. He created a template stick, that represented the width of the slats with the Tenons cut into it. You then lay the template across the back slat, and mark the location of the tenons.

It seemed like a simple and accurate way to layout the tenons.

I’ll be posting how it worked out, later.

Greene & Greene Chair – Back Slats & Bracket Update

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Back Slats
I started build the forms I will need to make the chair back slats.  I’m planning to do a bent lamination, to create the curved back slats.  I’m making 2 forms, so I can glue-up 2 slats at the same time.  I thought about making a “larger” form, double the size of a single slat.  Then rip them in half.  Although, as I stated in a previous post, I’ve been having an issue getting decent results when resawing on my bandsaw.  I thought by resawing narrower slats (a single slat height), I might improve my results.  We will see if makes any difference, or if I figure out what is going with the bandsaw.

I’m building the forms out of ¾” MDF.  The radius of the back slats are bout 43”.  I set up a simple jig on the bandsaw, to cut the layers of MDF that will make up the bending forms.  A long piece of MDF with a nail at the 43” radius is all it is.

A pivot hole is also drilled in the board being cut.  I’m making the layers 3” wide.  I just keep moving the pivot hole 3”, and cut each layer.

When I ran out of board, for the pivot hole.  I used some double stick tape, to add another board, so I could continue to cut layers for the forms.

After I had all of the layers cut, it was a simple task to glue the layers together.

Each layer was glued and nailed, then flushed up using a router and Flush Trim bit.

After all of the layers were together, I covered the bending surface with cork.  The cork helps even out the surface even more.  I then covered all of the surfaces that could get glue on them, with clear packing tape.

Bracket Update

Last week spent a bit of time making the brackets, I was going to use for the armrests.  This weekend the brackets went through a bit of a redesign.  When I first started to design this chair, I envisioned a different bracket for the armrests.  The design I envisioned was a stair-step “waterfall” design.  I was having an issue get them to look right, in SketchUp, so I went a different route.  This weekend, my original idea came back to me.  In stead of trying to draw the shape in SketchUp, I decided to do it full-scale on paper.  I was much happier with the results, so I created a template out of some MDF.

I was really pleased with the shape, so I made a sample out of some Sapele.  I roughed out the shape on the bandsaw, then used the MDF template as a router guide.

Overall I was very happy with the results.  I showed the new design to my wife, and she liked it too.  She suggested that it could be a bit shorter, for her tastes.  So I mocked up another bracket, a little shorter.  Here are the 3 versions of the brackets, I have so far.

I have to admit, I liked the shorter one too.  Although, I think all three brackets work well on the chair.  I double-stick-taped each of them to a side, to get a good look at each.  The smaller waterfall bracket is winning out, at this time.

Grizz in the house!

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I did a tool upgrade this week last weekend.  I’ve had my 6″ jointer for almost 5 years now, and it has served me well.  Although, I discovered quickly after buying my 6″ jointer, I wished I had gone with an 8″ instead.  This last weekend I resolved that problem, by buying a new Grizzly G0490x 8″ jointer.

I went with Grizzly again.  My 6″ Jointer was a Grizzly and it performed well.  You also can’t beat Grizzly’s prices.  This model has the spiral offset cutting head on it.  On my 6″ jointer, I was getting some tear-out on the Sapele I’m using on the G&G Chairs I’m building.  I ran some of the Saplele over the new Jointer, and it came out smooth and tear-out free.  I think I’m going to enjoy having the larger jointer in the shop!

Here’s a fun picture showing the old and new jointers together.  The 6″ jointer sold fast on Craig’s List.

Greene & Greene Chair – Arm Brackets

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This weekend I was able to get a little shop-time.  The time was spent making the brackets that will go under the armrests.

Making the bracket is pretty straightforward.  I used the approach I learned from Darrell Peart, in one of his G&G Details classes.  You can also see his approach in his book “Greene & Greene Design Elements for the Workshop”.

I created templates for the two shapes, and used them to transfer patterns on the blocks I milled up.

I used my bandsaw to rough out the shape.  I then used my oscillating belt and spindle sander to refine the shape.  The edges were rounded over, using an 1/8″ round-over bit and a router.  Then there was a lot of hand sanding, finishing the shaping and to cleaning up the router marks.

Greene & Greene Chair – Working on the armrests

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I finally was able to get back to the Greene & Greene Chair project I started last year. I’m at the point where I’m working on the armrests. My initial plan was to do a bent lamination, to get the angle I needed on the arms. I decided to go a different route, and just cut the arms at the angle I needed. One of the reasons I went this route, is that my bandsaw has been giving me issues lately. The quality of cut, when resawing, hasn’t been the best.

To help strengthen this joint, I used a spline. Overall I feel the joint came out pretty well. The glue line blends in pretty well, and I don’t mind seeing the spline on the edges.

Once I had all of the arms cut and glued up, I started marking out the location for the mortises. I started by laying the armrest across the side, so I could mark the exact location off of the tenons.

Traditionally you would do a through-tenon on these chairs, but I wimped out. Also, I had some issues cutting the back tenons on the legs, and those came out a little smaller than the front ones. So I chose not to do through-tenons. I will add a “false tenon” on the top of the arms, to simulate a through tenon.  Don’t judge me, you do what you have to do :) .  I’m thinking about using Ebony for the false tenons. I’ll do some tests and see how that looks.

Chopping the mortises I used a more “traditional” approach, and hogged out most of waste at the drill press. Then cleaned up the sides and corners with a chisel.

Some fine tuning was done on the tenons, using a Shoulder Plane, to get a really nice fit.

The last step was to finish shaping the arms. All of the corners were rounded, using my oscillating belt sander. I have to say, I’m really liking this Ridgid sander. It is proving to be a really nice purchase.

Also, all of the edges were rounded over, with an ⅛” round-over bit and a router.

The next step is to work on the backs. To get the exact width of the back, I did a dry assembly of the base. You can really start to see what the chairs will look like. I’m very pleased with how things are coming together!

Also, for those who missed it, I started blogging about this project over on WoodTalkOnline. You can find 3 other posts over there, on how I got this far. I’ll be finishing up this project here on my site.

Resaw Fence

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Part of the Greene & Greene project I’m working, involves making some bent laminate arms for the chairs.  To do this I need to resaw some lumber, for the laminations.  The fence on my bandsaw isn’t very tall, and I’ve been needing to build an auxiliary fence for a while now.

It took me two attempts at making this fence.  The first attempt was using some plywood I picked up at one of the “big box” stores, near my house.  I will never buy plywood at one of the “big box” stores ever again.  I thought I leaned my lesson a while ago, but I found myself driving there to pick up a small piece for this project.  Every piece of plywood I have ever bought at one of the “big box” stores is never flat or will stay flat.

After spending Saturday making the first fence, and not having it come out square or flat, I decided to head out to Woodcraft to pick up a small piece, of nice Baltic Birch plywood.  I could have saved some money buying a whole sheet at one of my other suppliers, but I really don’t have the room to store the leftovers.

My plan for the fence was to use T-track to mount it to my existing fence.  I drilled a couple holes through the fence, and used a couple T-bolts and knobs.

I laminated 2 pieces of ¾” plywood, to make the fence.  I’m hoping the extra thickness will help it stay flat and to make it more solid.  I then cut a dado in the laminated fence for the T-track.

Even though I went through the effort to make sure my fence was square to the table, after test fitting the fence it wasn’t quite square.  I needed to add a “shim” to square it up.  It turned out to be the thickness of on layer of blue tape.  The blue tape won’t last too long; I’ll find a “permanent” shim later.

I added some ribs to the back, to help keep the fence square and to add more support.  The fence feels rock solid now.

I did a few test cuts, and I’m getting pretty results.  Next weekend I’ll put the fence to work, when I do a test glue-up of one of the armrests.

Review – Setting the drift angle on your fence

When resawing, especially when cutting thin veneers, setting the drift angle is an important process to complete.  I’ve had some people tell me this process isn’t needed with “modern” blades, but my experience has found the opposite to be true.  It’s a simple process, so why not take every advantage you can to get the best results.

There are many approaches to finding and setting the drift angle.  The simplest and quickest, is a technique I saw on Laguna’s web site.  I went over this process in a past post, but Laguna has a great video that explains and shows the process.  It take me about 5 minutes to adjust my fence, for the drift angle.

Ron Hock – Wooden Hand Plane Kit

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I’ve had this wooden hand plane kit, sitting around for a while now. Over my Christmas break, I got together with a woodworking friend of mine. We needed a small project to work on, and I thought this wooden hand plane would be perfect. It turned out to be a great one-day project.

Except for the glue, everything you need to build this plane comes in the kit.

It goes together easy and fast. I configured my plane as a smoother. You can see I made the mouth opening very fine. I was easily pulling 0.001” shavings with this plane.

I love my Lie-Nielsen metal-body hand planes, but I have to say a wooden hand plane on wood feels really nice. I understand what wooden hand plane users are saying now.

I didn’t have any wood with “difficult” grain to test the plane on. I did have small piece of hard maple near by. The surface the plane produced was smooth as glass!

It was quite interesting learning to adjust the depth of cut on this plane. This plane takes the lightest of taps to back the blade out, and just a little bit more to advance. I was amazed at how precise I got, with just a little practice.

I don’t think wooden hand planes will replace my metal planes, but this plane will be a good experiment for me. I want to see how it fares living in my unheated garage/shop. If it does well, I might play around with some others.

Plane Storage – Update

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I did a little more tweaking last weekend, and added a few small shelves for my block and shoulder planes. They are very convenient to grab now. I still have two vertical areas left, for a couple more bench planes. I have a Stanley #4 (not shown) that I’m restoring, which will take one of the slots. I’ll have to fill the remaining slot soon! I’ll also post the restoration process of the #4 and #8, which I hope to do over our company’s winter shutdown break.

Plane Storage – Going Vertical

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When I first started to think about my tool storage, I wanted something that could evolve over time. So the base is just ¾” plywood, which I can attach fixtures to. Nothing is permanently attached. This allows me to reorganize how tools are stored, when the time comes.

My hand plane connection has started to grow, and I didn’t have places to store a couple of the new planes, especially a big Stanley #8. It was time to rethink my plane storage.

Before, I just used shelves to store my planes. They were easy to make at the time, but I knew after not too long I would have to do something else.

Going vertical with the plane storage, allows me to get 8 or more planes in the same space, where I had maybe 4.

I started by removing some of the shelves, then I cut some vertical “ribs” for the new storage solution.

I figured out the most I wanted the storage to stick out from the wall, and how high it needed to be to store the largest plane I had (Stanley #8). From there I was able to figure out the angle I needed, and for me I think that came out to be 82 degrees. It’s pretty vertical, because it couldn’t stick out that far from the wall. I would have liked to have gone a bit shallower, but my bench is in front of the storage and I didn’t want it sticking out over my bench by too much.

As I said before, I don’t permanently attach fixtures to the wall, so I used pocket screws to attach the ribs to the wall. This worked really well.

I then covered the ribs with some ½” plywood.

It’s pretty much done, at this stage. I just needed to add some ¼” spacers to divide up the space.

I decided to add some soft shelf padding under the planes. I don’t think this is really needed or required. I had some lying around, so I thought I would through some on. We will see if it stays or not.

Because I went pretty vertical with the storage, the planes weren’t as stable as I would like. I added a simple catch at the top, to keep the planes from tipping out. The catch simply rotates out of the way when I need use a plane.

There will be some “wasted” space above the shorter planes. I’m thinking I will make some small shelves, to go above those shorter planes. This should allow me to stack other smaller planes above them. Like my Block Planes, or even hang a Spokeshave.

Sharpening Bench Hook

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I didn’t have a lot time to spend in the shop this weekend, and it’s been pretty cold and I don’t have heat in the shop!  So I thought I would work on a simple project.  I’ve been wanted to make simple bench hook to use while sharpening. My sharpening method is based on David Charlesworth’s technique of sharpening. He uses a simple side clamping honing guide. I believe he developed this concept of a sharpening bench hook, and I think guys over at Lie-Nielsen refined it. You can find a free article and plans at the Lie-Nielsen site.

This is a quick an easy project to knock out. You can customize the projection stops to the angles and honing guide you use. I’ve only set up a few so far, but I have room to add others. I gave it a test run today, and it worked great. I like the compact size. It’s easy to store and to travel with, when I take classes.

A few words on different sharpening techniques.  There are many different techniques out there on how to sharpen, and I’ve tried many of them.  It has always been a goal of mine to develop my freehand sharpening skills.  The problem I ran into, I don’t sharpen on a regular basis.  Meaning I’m not working in my shop on a constant basis.  I could go months between needing to sharpen a tool.  This made it difficult to maintain my freehand sharpening shills.  David’s approach might not be as fast as freehand sharpening, but it’s pretty darn quick and repeatable.  When it comes to sharpening repeatability is key.  The stops on the bench hook are what make this approach repeatable.  These stops, set your angle projects dead on every time.  This makes resharpening fast and reliable.

David has several DVDs on sharpening, that go into great detail on his approach.  It’s much more than this bench hook concept.  If you want to learn more about his approach, you can find those DVDs over at Lie-Nielsen too.