February 5, 2012

Baby Bench – Finished!

smallbench17

Today I had time to put the finishing touches on the Small Benchtop Bench.  The replacement hand wheels came in early this week, and it was hard not having time earlier this week to work on the bench.  I’ve had a couple stalled projects lately and I really wanted to complete something.
The first order of business was to enlarge the bore through the hand wheels.  I have a machinist vise for my drill press, it’s not used that much but came in handy today.

smallbench17

The vise allowed me to align the wheel somewhat precisely, to enlarge the center bore.  It was quick work to drill out both hand wheels.

Next I needed to drill the through hole, for the pin that will run through the hand wheel and screw shaft.

smallbench18

This is where things went wrong on the first set of wheels.  This time I drilled through the hand wheels, then marked and drilled through the shaft of the screw.  No chance of snapping off the drill bit this time!

smallbench19

After attaching the hand wheels, it was time to test the smoothness of my new design.  It was exactly what I was hoping for!  The wheels spun freely and smooth.  I was so excited I let out a whoop.  My wife opened the door and asked what that noise was!  She saw the smile on my face, then she laughed, closed the door and allowed my to savor my victory.

Now that I finished that last major step, it was time to drill some dog holes.  I wanted a way to keep the dogs in the face vise out of the way, but still be able to retrieve them when they were needed.

smallbench20

smallbench21

I drilled the dog holes in the face vise, about an inch deeper than the length of the dogs.  I then cut a window in the vise that intersected with the dog hole.  I cut the window on the inside of the vise, so would be hidden.  I thought about having the window on the outside, but decided the inside would work just as well.

I drilled a few dogs on the top and did a light sanding to remove pencil marks and to ease the edges.  I’m quite please how it came out.

smallbench22

smallbench23

The clamping force I get with the vise is quite strong.  I lightly pinch the bench in my wagon vise, and add a clamp to the bench.  It’s quite secure and doesn’t move.

smallbench24

I designed the bench, so that if I line up the front of the feet of the small bench with the edge of main bench, the inside face of the small bench is inline with the main bench.  If I’m working on a large piece, I can take advantage of the clamping surfaces of my main bench.

smallbench25

The bench dogs allow me to secure larger pieces to the top of the bench.

The primary reason for making this bench was to raise the work piece to a more comfortable height, when doing tasks like cutting dovetails.  It will also be useful when I use power tools.  I can see when cutting mortise with a router, the added height will make this task easier too.  Over all, I think this will be a nice addition to the shop.

This weekend I will start a new project.  My brother has asked me to build him a cabinet for his bathroom, which he is remodeling.  It will be a somewhat large cabinet, so I plan to use plywood on this project and a lot of power tools.  It will also need to blend in with a vanity he has purchased.  The vanity is “modern” in style and black.  So, I will give ebonizing a try.

Sparks Flying In The Shop

smallbench11

I had plans to finish the Small Benchtop Bench this weekend, but I must have angered the woodworking gods somehow.  Because the last couple of times I’ve worked on it, things haven’t gone well.

When I last worked on the bench I was attaching the face vise.  I cut a couple garters out of some 16 gauge steel I picked up at a local “big box” stores.  They are good for somethings, but not much these days.  I recessed the garters into the main chop using my router plane.

I first screwed the garters to the vise and scribed the outline of the garters with a marking knife.  Then I just went to town with the router plane.  It worked really well, and it didn’t take that much time.

After attaching both screws and hand wheels it was time to give it test run.

The action was anything but smooth.  The screws were rubbing on the garters, even though I made the holes oversized.  Also when I attach the hand wheels, I wasn’t very careful.  The wheels weren’t square to the surface of the chop, so they rubbed in places as you turned them.  I kicked myself for not being more careful.

Knowing I would have to reattach the hand wheels, I started to rethink what I made the garters out of.  I was concerned about metal on metal contact with the screws, garters and possibly the wheels.  I then thought I could use some Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWP).  So, I went by my local Woodcraft store and picked some up.

I made some new garters out of UHMWP and set out to reattach the hand wheels (square this time).  This is where things really started to go wrong.  I was drilling the first new hole and about halfway through, the bit snapped off!  I was drilling through the hand wheel and the screw at the sometime.  Now my wheel was essentially pinned to the screw, and for the life of me I couldn’t get the bit out.

I decided to drill through the bored hole in the hand wheel.  My plan was to drill down through the top of the screw until I met up with the snapped off bit.  I thought from there I could work it loose.  That didn’t happen.  I knew I would have issues try to drill through the snapped off bit, because they are made of very hard steel.  As a last resort, I tried to drill through the bit.  That sucker wasn’t going to give up!  Then I went just a little too long.  The metal sleeve inside the plastic wheel heated up and the plastic wheel came loose!

I eventually got the wheel off, but it was toast.  Luckily it wasn’t that expensive.
Knowing I would have to buy a new one, I decided to go with all steel this time.  I also went just a little bigger, about 5” in diameter.  When I was using the 4” wheels, they seemed a little small to get the rotation I thought was needed.  I still want the wheels to be below the surface of the bench, and 5″ is as big as I can go.

Because I had drilled down through one of the screws, I needed to mill the screw down again.  Last time I went over to my brothers to do this, because he has a small milling machine.  I didn’t want to run over there again, so I rigged up a simple jig on my grinder.

It worked pretty well.  I drilled a ¾” hole through a piece of oak I had lying around.  The screw fit snugly through the hole.  I just slowly move the screw in and out, while turning it, and kept lowing the tool rest.  Once I got to about a ½” I was done.  Lots of sparks were flying during the grinding.  Not something you see very often in a woodworking shop!

After that I just need to fit the new garters to the chop.  I had to recess them a little deeper, because the UHMWP was thicker than the steel I was using.

I do have a new plan for attaching the new hand wheels when they come in.  I think I can avoid snapping off another bit halfway through again.  I hope they come in before next weekend, I really want to put this project to rest!

Baby Bench – Started

smallbench04

I needed a break from all of the dovetailing I’ve been doing and practicing.  I thought I would start on the Baby Bench I talked about a little while ago.

Over the past couple of weekends I started to work on the bench.  I’m using whatever wood I had in my woodpile.  The top is Douglas Fir.  The legs of the base are Hard Maple.  The cross piece along the back is Oak and the vise is Mahogany.  It is a very diverse bench ☺.

I didn’t take step-by-step pictures this time.  I just want to be in the shop without any distractions.  The bench is almost done, but I thought I would show how the vise will come together.

In the first picture you will see a threaded rod and a couple of nuts, sitting on the bench.  I ordered these from McMaster-Carr.  The threaded rod is 3/4”-6 ACME threads.  I order square nuts, so they would be easy to recess into the vise.

I also ordered 2 hand wheels for the vise, but they haven’t come in yet.  I plan to go over to my brother’s this next weekend, to work on the screws and attaching the hand wheels.  My brother has the metal working tools I don’t have.  I need him to cut the threaded rod to size.  We then need to mill threads off the ends, so the hand wheels can be attached.  We will also need a couple garters (large washers) to attach to the chop.  I will document this process, once I have had a chance to visit my brother.

The joinery for this little project gave me a few issues.  I used mortise and tenons for the legs.  Cutting the mortise and tenons in the Hard Maple was a real challenge.  They don’t call it “hard” maple for the fun it ☺.  Trying to chop the mortises by hand was beyond my skill level at this time.  It was like chopping into granite!  So it did the bulk of the work with my router and table saw.  I did cleaned up the cuts with hand tools.

I was planning to use a through tenon for the back stretcher, but seeing how much trouble I had cutting the ones on the legs, I decided to rethink that joint.

I settled on a large half-lap dovetail on the ends.  These I did cut my hand.  The Hard Maple still caused me some issues.  The Maple and the Oak won’t give at all.  The joints weren’t as tight as I would have liked.

Even though they aren’t the neatest and tightest joints, these guys aren’t going anywhere!

I think I will leave the bench unfinished.  I don’t plan to do any gluing or finishing on it, so I don’t need any protection from that.  Once I get the screws cut and the hand wheels attached, I’ll give the bench a test run.

1 down 3 To Go

stray15

Today was a holiday for our company, so I got to spend some time in the shop yesterday and today.  I’m trying to finish up those Silverware Trays, I was going to give away at Christmas.  Better late then never.

I completed one of them today, minus the finish.  I have all four corners on another one done, and all the tails cut on the last two.  I hope one more day in the shop will finish up the last 3.

For the most part it came out pretty well, with only a couple mess-ups.

You will see a small chamfer on the top of the sides.  A chamfer wasn’t called for in the design.  When I laid out the curve on the top, I misaligned the template so the curve came down too far.  A small part of corner stuck out as a result.  I just couldn’t leave the corner there, so I chamfer the edge.  It doesn’t look too bad.  I’ll pay closer attention to the other 3 I haven’t finished yet.

Speaking of the curved top, to got use one of my Christmas presents to clean up the curved tops on the ends.

I picked up a Lie-Nielsen Brian Boggs Spokeshave (flat bottom) as a Christmas present.  I have to say it is a very sweet tool.  It feels very nice in your hands and cuts like a dream.  I used a slight skew cut and it produced a very smooth cut.

The dovetails turned out pretty nice over all.  I did have to do some repairs in a couple places.

It seems I have the most problems with baselines and the shoulders on the tail-board.  These seem to be common problem areas for “beginners”.  I think I’m improving on the other trays.

I did my best on the close-ups.  I think I need to get some good lighting to improve my close-up pictures.  I hope this will improve in the future.

I’ll be getting some expert help on my dovetails this coming weekend.  Rob Cosman will be at our local Woodcraft, and he will be teaching a hands-on class this Saturday.  Myself and another fellow LumberJock will be at the class.  It should be a fun day.

Baby Bench

smallbench01

I have seen several magazine articles about benchtop benches over the years.  These little benches go on top of your workbench, to raise your work to a more comfortable height.  When I first read about these benches, I really had no interest in them.  They seemed unnecessary.  Now that I have been cutting more dovetails, I find that my back is getting tired from bending over.  Maybe I’m just getting old, I’m also having problems seeing my line too ☺.  I thought if there were a solution I would give it a try.
I looked at a few designs I found out on the Internet and in magazines and came up with my version.

It’s about 24” wide and about 14” deep.  I haven’t decided on the height yet.  I will have do a mockup to see what height will work best for me.  I suspect it will be around 10” or 11” high.  The large round things on the front of the vise represent the hand wheels I will use.  When I designed the bench, I wanted the top these hand wheels to be below the top of the bench.  I didn’t what them getting in the way while I was sawing.

The bench will be camped to the benchtop when in use.  You will see some short “stubs” on the base that sticks out the front.  This small stubs can be used to clamp it to the benchtop, along with clamping between the legs.  The front of these stubs are inline with inside face of the vise.  I wanted to be able align the beach easily with the front of my bench.  If I’m working on a long board, I wanted to be able to take advantage of the clamping surface on the rest of my main bench.

I designed in a few mortise and tenon joints in this little bench.  I could have designed a slightly simpler bench that bolted and screwed together, but I wanted to practice on my mortise and tenons.  I will hand cut and chop these joints, when I build this little bench.

I plan to order my hardware from McMaster-Carr or Carr Lane.  They both carry the Acme threaded rod I will use.  Along with the nuts and hand wheels I need too.  I priced them out and it’s not really that bad.

This will most likely be a Spring project.  I still have to work on those Silverware Trays and the small hall table I started.

Shaker Silverware Tray – Cutting the Tails and Pins

stray07

Cutting the Tails
The last installment of this series I showed how I layout the tails. Now it’s time to do some cutting. When cutting Tails first, you really only need to concern about cutting perpendicular across the end of the board. If you can get this perpendicular cut dead on, you have solved most of your problems. The lines for the angle cuts on the tails really are just guides. If the angle is off it’s not a big deal. These cuts will be transferred to the pin board. Some people don’t even mark the lines for the tails, they just eyeball them.

I ganged the two boards together to save on sawing. This is the first time I’ve tried ganging boards together. These boards were only a ½” think each, so the overall thickness wasn’t that great. It worked out pretty well.

I used a fret saw to cut the waste between my tails. It makes pretty quick work of it.

I didn’t take pictures of doing the shoulder cuts and the chisel work needed to clean up the waste cuts. I need to work out a way to easily take pictures, while I have 2 tools in my hands. I’ll work on that and post some updates later.

Tail Transfer
The first step is to clamp the pin board into your vise. A good way to do this is put one of your bench planes on it’s side, and set the top of the pin board flush with the bench plane.

Next move the bench plane back some distance from the pin board, and use it to support your tail board.

Now remember when I talked about the 140-Trick in the layout post, this is where it comes into play. That shallow rabbet I cut with the skewed block plane, allows me to register the tail board precisely and easily on the pin board. If you didn’t use the 140-trick, you would have fuss and fiddle with the alignment of the tail board. I’ve done it both ways, and this trick is really slick. It saves a lot to time and helps the tail board stay put while marking out the pins.

Place a firm amount of pressure on the tail board, as it spans from the pin board and bench plane. Make sure your marking knife stays flat against the sides of the tails. I like several light passes over one heavy one. Several light passes tend not to follow the grain as much as heavy passes.

Cutting the Pins
The first advantage of cutting tails first, is that you only have to worry about the perpendicular cut across the end of the tail board. The angle cut of the tail can be off, without causing any problems. These means you only have straight vertical cuts on your pins.

If you cut pins first. The angle of your pins are transferred to your tail boards. Those angle cuts on the tails have to be dean on, as well you have to make sure your cut across the end of the board dead on (all at the same time). So you have 2 cuts, on the tail board, that have to dead on instead of one. I think the angle cuts on the tails are hardest to master for most people. So way make your life difficult when starting out. Once you think you have mastered the saw, try pins first. I will someday.

What has to be precise for these pin cuts, is splitting that knife line. If you leave too much of the line, you will spend a lot time with the chisel. If you take too much, your joint will be loose. I think learning to split that knife line is easier than learning to cut on two lines and at an angle.

The fret saw was used to cut out the waste between the pins.

I did pretty well on splitting my knife lines, but I did have to do a little clean up with the chisel to get the joint together. One thing I will say about using chisels at this time, keep them sharp. I find a sharp chisel will sit “still” on the wood while you chop. As a chisel dulls it tends to “slip” and not stay in place. When making those last 1 or 2 chops up the gauge line, this can be a big deal. I’ve had my chisel slip into the gauge one chop too soon, and mess up my base line. Keeping my chisels sharp seems to help prevent that.

The Fit
I still have some work to do to improve my skills but over all the joints came out pretty well.

I also need to get a camera that does good close ups. This is the best I can do at the time. There are a few small gaps you can’t really see, but they aren’t too bad over all. You can see that the tails are a little short, this was on purpose but maybe a little more than you need. I will plane the sides down flush when it’s all put together. Next time I will try and make this amount a little less. I will have less planing to do as result.

I said I was going to make 4 of these as Christmas gifts. It doesn’t look like all 4 will be done in time for Christmas. Some will be late Christmas gifts. I hope get into the shop this weekend, but it’s been pretty cold here in Seattle. I only have a small space heater, so we will see how the weather treats me. I’m also playing with a method of cutting the tails on my bandsaw. This might help me get the gifts done quicker, with a little less hand sawing for now.

Silverware Tray – Laying out the Dovetails

stray01

I finally was able to start on the Silverware Trays this weekend.  The last few weekends have been busy with other activities.  This last weekend was our 11th wedding anniversary and we spent a fun weekend in Leavenworth, Wa.  It’s a fun little Bavarian themed town, not too far from Seattle.  There was this nice little wood merchant there.  Some of the stuff looked handmade, but they didn’t allow us to take any pictures.  So, I don’t have anything to share.  It was still fun to just browse around in the store.
This first post in the Silverware Tray series will go through how I layout my dovetails.  I try to follow Rob Cosman’s style of cutting dovetails.  If you are just starting out learning to cut dovetails, I highly recommend Rob’s DVDs and book.  He goes into great detail, and really inspires you that you can learn this skill.
Like any skill, if you don’t practice it often the quality of your work will vary.  It’s been a little while since I cut some dovetails and I’m also still learning.  This first corner I worked on, come out ok but I really messed up on one of the pins.  You will have to wait to see the final result, until I post the last in this dovetail series.

Prepping the stock
One of the most important things you can do to help you get quality dovetails, is to start out with well prepared stock.  The first thing I did was cut all my pieces to size.  I then used some hand planes to prepare what will be the inside of the tray.  Once the tray is assembled, it will be very difficult to prepare this surface, if not done before hand.  Next to get a box that will fit together properly, the pieces need to be the exact same size.  I prepared the ends of one piece using a shooting board.  Also making sure the ends were square.  Then I took the mating piece and did the same.  Then I laid them on top of each other, and determined which was longer (not by much).  I then just used the shooting board, to remove what was need to make them the same size to each other.  I did this for the sides and ends.

Using the marking gauge
I use a Tite-Mark marking gauge.  I like the micro adjust it has, and it can be adjusted using one hand.  I set my marking gauge to just slightly under the thickness of the boards.  Although in the end, I think I went just a little too far.  Next time, I’ll back that off just a little.  The long sides of my tray will be my tailboards.  The tailboards need to be marked on all 4 side.  The pin boards only need to be marked on the 2 face surfaces.

The 140-Trick
One of the tips Rob gives to help achieve better dovetail, is the “140-Trick”.  I think he said he learned this trick for Alan Peters.  The 140 refers to using the Stanley 140 Skewed Block plane.  This block plane has a skewed plane blade and guide fence.  The skewed blade allows you to plane across the grain, with minimal tearout.  The 140 will be used on the tailboards.  What you do is set the width of cut for the plane, to the exact width of your gauge line.  On the inside face of your tailboard, you take a few passes with the block plane.  This creates a small lip that will make the transferring the tails to the pin board much easier.  I’ll try and explain this further when I get to that stage.  Believe me, it makes transferring the tails so much easier.


Tails or Pins first
There are many opinions on whether to cut pins or tails first.  There really is not right or wrong answer.  Rob gives a good explanation on why he does tails first.  Because Rob was the first person I learned from, I do tails first.  I’ve seen other people like Frank Klausz do pins first.  I would be the last person in the world to say pins first is wrong.  I plan to try pins first someday, but for now I’m sticking with tails first until I think I have this method down.

Using dividers to layout your tails
Here’s another area where there are a lot of opinions, and no right or wrong way.  Some people don’t layout their dovetails at all.  They just eyeball it.  Again, Frank Klausz is an excellent example of this approach.  Some people like the “randomness” of this approach.  It’s something that can’t be reproduced by a machine, so you know they were cut by hand.  I like a little “order” to mine, so Rob’s approach really works for me.
Rob uses 2 dividers to layout his dovetail.  Again, I think he picked this up from Alan Peters too.  One divider is used to set the width of the half pins on the outside of the tailboards.

As you can see I’ve already gone ahead and did all of the layout, so that you can see what I’m talking about.  You use the dividers to make a small mark in the end of the board.  You then use this mark to line up your layout gauge.

The second set of dividers is set to the width of 1 tail and 1 pin.  Showing how you come up with this measurement is a little difficult in pictures.  If you get Rob’s DVD, he shows you how to do it in about 5 minutes.  It’s very slick.


You use the divider to “walk off” the tails, starting on each half pin you laid out with the first dividers.  Once you have these 2 dividers set, you can use them to layout the rest of your boards quickly.
After you have these little marks on your tailboard, you just use any dovetail layout gauge to draw in your lines.  For these tails, I used a 1:8 gauge.  I like the look of that slope at this time.  I don’t put a lot credence in the logic of using one slope for hardwood and another for softwood.  I’m still experimenting, but there have been plenty of people who say it really doesn’t matter.  Just pick something that looks good to you.

3-Minute Dovetails
Just for fun, here are some links of Frank Klausz and Rob Cosman doing their 3 and 3.5 minute dovetails.  Me I think I’m closing in on the 3 hour dovetail ☺.

Frank Klausz
Rob Cosman

Christmas Presents

I’m taking a little break from the hall table project, to work on some Christmas presents.  In past years I really haven’t made anything to give away.  I guess I never found a project that I liked and that would represent what I was trying to do with my woodworking, and could be completed in a short period.

This last summer I took a handsawing class from Christopher Schwarz and in that class we made a Shaker Silverware Tray.  The tray has handcut dovetails and was pretty easy to make.  I though this would be the perfect project for Christmas gifts.  I plan to make 4 trays if time permits.  If you would like to make one, I using the plans found on Popular Woodworking’s site.

 I’m working on this project with my woodworking pal Ananda.  A few weekends ago we went out looking for some nice Cherry, but struck out on finding some Cherry.   We wanted to find some s4s ½” Cherry, so we didn’t have to mill or resaw a lot of lumber.  We wanted this project to be somewhat “quick”.  All the ½” Cherry we found was all sapwood.  I don’t mind seeing sapwood in some projects, but these boards were almost all sapwood.  There was so much sapwood it really didn’t look like Cherry anymore.  We did find some really nice Maple and chose to go that route instead.

We spent most of that first day laying out and cutting the boards to size.  I also spent some time gluing up the tray bottoms.  This last weekend started on one of the trays.  I’ll post pictures of the process and progress in the coming weeks.

This should be fun project and now some friends and family will have something I’ve made.

Small Hall Table Update

smalltable07.jpg

A few weekends ago I did a test glue-up of the apron. Over all the test went well. I’m glad I did a test glue-up, because there were a few things I learned and could do better.

First, I was using a glue I hadn’t used before, URAC 185. URAC 185 is an Urea Formaldehyde glue. It come in 2 parts that need to be mixed together. I tried to measure the 2 parts by volume, because I thought it would be easier then weighing the 2 parts. I don’t think doing it by volume is as accurate. My mix came out quite a bit thicker than I think it should have been. I think I’ll try it again but weigh out the 2 parts.

Next, I new the URAC 185 glue was going to be “dark” and might cause the glue lines in the laminates to show more in lighter woods. I think the glue lines are more visible, and I do plan to use something like Maple for the base. I ordered another type of “cold press” glue from www.joewoodworker.com. This other glue comes in a couple different shades. I choose the lighter one for the Maple I plan to use.

During the glue-up I didn’t pay close attention to the laminates and how well they lined up. The result was a pretty uneven edge. This made cleaning up the edge a little harder. Next time I’ll try and keep the edges as flush as I can.

Other than that, the test was a success. I had very little spring-back when I took the apron out of the form. I cleaned up one edge on the jointer. Then ripped it to size on the bandsaw. Using a full-scale drawing of the apron and legs, I marked out where the apron needed to be cut and cut it to size. I’ll practice cutting the sliding dovetails on this mock-up and 1 or 2 more test pieces.

Bending form for the apron

Available shop time has been low lately. I caught one of the early cold bugs going around, and then my wife caught it from me. This last weekend I felt better and had a little bit of time I could spend in the shop. I finished up the bending form I will use to make the apron for the Small Hall table. I also started to cut some of the laminates I will use to do a test glue up. I had some issues with my band saw while doing this. I was hearing a thumping sound coming from the saw whenever I was cutting. This was unusual, because my band saw always sounded and cut smoothly. After a little investigation I found that a nice little chunk had been taken out of one my tires. I can’t even begin to think how this happened. They were petty new tires, but I have ordered some replacements. Replacing the tires will be one of this weekend’s tasks. I’m also going to try a nicer resaw blade to see if I can get a smoother cut. I’d like to cut down on how much time I have to spend cleaning up each laminate. I’ll post the results after I have had a chance to use the blade.

Which leads to the question, “How do you clean up the laminates”? Most of the woodworking shows and articles I have seen on resawing laminates, say to use a drum stander to clean up the surfaces. I would say that most amateur woodworkers don’t have a drum sander, and it’s pretty far done on my list of tools if it’s even on my list. I hate sanding dust!

I searched and found two articles, both of which I think I had read in the past. The first was in Fine Woodworking # 164. In this article Lon Schleining, uses a melamine board and double stick tape to attach the laminates to it. He then ran the board through a thickness planer, or drum sander if you have one :) . I had thought of this, but the idea just scared me. Even taped down to another board, I have this image of the thin pieces coming apart under the fast spinning knives. It was good to know that it has been done.

Because I was still uncomfortable with the thickness planer idea, I kept digging. I found an even newer article I had read in Popular Woodworking. They say your memory is the 2nd thing go, I can’t remember what the first is. The article was written by David Charlesworth, one the people that really got me interested in hand tools. He attaches his laminates to a piece of MDF, using a couple drops of Super Glue at one end. He then uses a hand plane to clean up the surface. You only need the glue at one end, because as you are hand planing the piece it will be under tension. It also has the advantage of letting you left the piece up, to check on how you are doing. This method really seems to be what I’m looking for. It is safer and uses a hand plane. I may give the thickness planer a try, just to prove myself wrong or right. I’ll post results of both methods soon.